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Abstract
Magnetically recyclable nanocatalysts with excellent performance are urgent need in heterogeneous catalysis, due to their magnetic nature, which allows for convenient and efficient separation with the help of an external magnetic field. In this research, we developed a simple and rapid method to fabricate a magnetic aminoclay (AC) based an AC@Fe3O4@Pd nanocatalyst by depositing palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on the surface of the magnetic aminoclay nanocomposite. The microstructure and the magnetic properties of as-prepared AC@Fe3O4@Pd were tested using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses. The resultant AC@Fe3O4@Pd nanocatalyst with the magnetic Fe-based inner shell, catalytically activate the outer noble metal shell, which when combined with ultrafine Pd NPs, synergistically enhanced the catalytic activity and recyclability in organocatalysis. As the aminoclay displayed good water dispersibility, the nanocatalyst indicated satisfactory catalytic performance in the reaction of reducing nitrophenol and nitroanilines to the corresponding aminobenzene derivatives. Meanwhile, the AC@Fe3O4@Pd nanocatalyst exhibited excellent reusability, while still maintaining good activity after several catalytic cycles.
Highlights
Noble metal nanocatalysts have received much attention due to their high catalytic efficiency in many catalytic reactions including hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, and so on [1,2,3,4,5]
While after loading the Pd nanoparticles, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the AC@Fe3O4@Pd presented almost the same feature as those shown in AC@Fe3O4, besides a broad peak at 2θ = 40.1◦, which corresponded to the amorphous
The magnetic recoverable AC@Fe3O4@Pd nanocatalyst was fabricated through a facile way
Summary
Noble metal nanocatalysts have received much attention due to their high catalytic efficiency in many catalytic reactions including hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, and so on [1,2,3,4,5]. As the diameter of the noble metal nanoparticles decreases, two problems arise: firstly, the surface energy gradually increases, which leads to the aggregation of the noble metal nanoparticles; secondly, the nanoparticles are difficult to separate from the reaction solution. These disadvantages generally result in reduced catalytic activity and reusability. Among the magnetic catalyst supports, Fe3O4 is an ideal carrier, which is easy to prepare and has a very active surface for adsorbing/immobilizing metals and ligands It can prevent aggregation of metal nanoparticles, and promote recirculation of nanocatalysts by magnetic separation [4,5]
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