Fabrication and Characterization of Thin-Film ZnO/Cu-O Heterostructure Prepared by Spin Coating Technique

Abstract

Global energy consumption is increasingly becoming high due to industrial activity and advances both in developed and developing countries. Fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil are used to meet the energy demands all over the world. However, there is a concern about depletion of these resources and rise in greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, some alternative ways are needed to satisfy the energy demand and decrease the greenhouse emissions. Renewable energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, and so on, is a promising source to satisfy the future energy requirements. As to solar cells, there is no need to concern about energy source because it uses solar rays, and it never emits CO2 when generating electricity.