EXPERIENCES AND RESULTS OF THE WORLD COUNTRIES IN USING SOLAR ENERGY

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the experiences and results of the world countries in using solar energy and to make a comporative analysis Results: The demand for energy in the world is increasing day by day. Between 1990 and 2012, world primary energy demand increased by approximately 53 percent and reached 13,361 million tons of oil equivalent (MTEP). In 2012, approximately 82 percent of primary energy demand was met by fossil fuels. In this article, the history and methodology of utilizing solar energy has been researched. The increasing need for energy in the world day by day causes the gradual depletion of fossil fuel resource reserves, which are limited in the world. In addition, with the increase in the use of fossil fuels after the industrial revolution, the concentration of greenhouse gases (greenhouse gases), especially carbon dioxide (CO2), in the atmosphere increased significantly and a global warming began to be experienced. The recent energy crises and the reality of global warming have led countries to seek constantly renewed and environmentally friendly energy sources instead of fossil fuels, which are traditional energy sources, which have a common use, risk of depletion, share in greenhouse gas emissions. These resources, which are called as renewable energy resources, attract great attention today. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy is both environmentally friendly as it does not emit CO2, and is a large enough energy source to potentially meet the energy demand of the whole world. Solar energy reaches the earth in a sufficient amount to meet all the electrical energy needs of the world. However, considering a fixed location on the earth, the amount of solar and wind energy at that location is variable due to the nature of these energy sources or due to atmospheric events. Scientific novelty: In this work compares the history, methods and innovations of the use of solar energy in Azerbaijan and other countries of the world.