Abstract
Numerical simulations of cardiac blood pump systems are integral to the optimization of device design, hydraulic performance and hemocompatibility. In wave membrane blood pumps, blood propulsion arises from the wave propagation along an oscillating immersed membrane, which generates small pockets of fluid that are pushed towards the outlet against an adverse pressure gradient. We studied the Fluid-Structure Interaction between the oscillating membrane and the blood flow via three-dimensional simulations using the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM), an unfitted numerical technique that avoids remeshing by using a fluid fixed mesh. Our three-dimensional numerical simulations in a realistic pump geometry highlighted, for the first time in this field of application, that XFEM is a reliable strategy to handle complex industrial problems. Moreover, they showed the role of the membrane deformation in promoting a blood flow towards the outlet despite an adverse pressure gradient. We also simulated the pump system at different pressure conditions and we validated the numerical results against in-vitro experimental data.
Highlights
In wave membrane blood pumps, blood propulsion arises from the wave propagation along an oscillating immersed membrane, which generates small pockets of fluid that are pushed towards the outlet against an adverse pressure gradient
We studied the Fluid–Structure Interaction between the oscillating membrane and the blood flow via three-dimensional simulations using the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM), an unfitted numerical technique that avoids remeshing by using a fluid fixed mesh
The structure of this paper is the following: in Section 2, we describe the working mechanisms of the wave membrane blood pump under study; in Section 3, we introduce the mathematical formulation of the Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) model together with its numerical discretization; in Section 4, we present the results of the numerical simulations for different pressure conditions and we validate the model against experimental data; in Section 5, we draw the main conclusions of the current study
Summary
The objective of this paper is to provide a significant step forward with respect to Reference 49, by means of numerical investigation of the pump functioning in a three-dimensional realistic pump domain for different key functional parameters
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