Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND STUDY: To investigate the association of mRNA expression of galectin - 9 (Gal - 9) and lactose maldigestion in children’s obesity with different genotypes of the lactase gene (LCT).METHODS: The study involved 85 children with obesity (BMI>97th percentile) aged 6-18 years. The study defined genotypes of LCT (material for investigation - venous blood), included expression of Gal - 9 mRNA (material for investigation - buccal epithelium) by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and utilized the study of lactose maldigestion by Hydrogen breath testing. The first group of observations was presented by 44 children with genotype C/C -13910, the second group consisted of 41 children with phenotypically identical genotypes C/T -13910 and T/T -13910, p>0.05.RESULTS: Lactose maldigestion in children with genotype C/C -13910 averaged 36.05±4.73 ppm, in children with genotypes C/T -13910 - 22.61±4.1 ppm (p<0.05) and with genotype T/T -13910 - was absent (p<0.05). The average expression level of Gal - 9 mRNA in children with genotype C/C -13910 was 564.6±35.8 relation units (RU) ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin and was 61.02±15.8 RU ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin, p<0.01 in children with genotypes C/T and T/T -13910. The lowest mean level of expression of Gal - 9 mRNA (42.47±13.4 RU ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin) was recorded in the subgroup of children with genotype C/C -13910 and lactose maldigestion (n=22). Whereas the largest mean level of expression of Gal - 9 mRNA was recorded in the subgroup of children with the C/C -13910 and without lactose maldigestion (n=22) - 1086.73±51.2 relation units ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin, p<0.01.CONCLUSION: The expression level of Gal - 9 mRNA depends on lactose maldigestion in children with genotype C/C -13910
Highlights
To investigate the association of mRNA expression of galectin-9 (Gal-9) and lactose maldigestion in obese children with different genotypes [13910 С>T polymorphism of MCM6
Human LCT gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of congenital lactase deficiency [3], and the SNP intronic regions of MCM6 are associated with lactase persistence [4]
This phenomenon is demonstrated by in vitro experiments showing the strong binding of the transcription factor octamer-binding protein 1 (Oct-1) to the T−13910 variant, which can enhance the activity of the LCT gene promoter and increase the expression levels of LPH mRNA in the intestinal mucosa [5]
Summary
To investigate the association of mRNA expression of galectin-9 (Gal-9) and lactose maldigestion in obese children with different genotypes [13910 С>T polymorphism (rs4988235) of MCM6 The “wild” variant of the intronic regions sequence is associated with a gradual age-related suppression of the LCT gene expression and the development of primary adult-type hypolactasia, but the replacement of one nucleotide in certain places of the MCM6 enhancer region is accompanied by high expression of the LCT gene throughout life This phenomenon is demonstrated by in vitro experiments showing the strong binding of the transcription factor octamer-binding protein 1 (Oct-1) to the T−13910 variant, which can enhance the activity of the LCT gene promoter and increase the expression levels of LPH mRNA in the intestinal mucosa [5]. Genotype C/T-13910 is associated with moderate retention of lactase production, and genotype T/T-13910 is associated with long-term retention of lactase production [1]
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