Abstract
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris) of chickpea is the major constraint to chickpea production worldwide. As the nature of the pathogen is soil borne, exploitation of host plant resistance is the most suitable and economical way to manage this disease. Present study was therefore conducted with an aim to find new, stable and durable sources of resistance of chickpea against Fusarium wilt through multi-environment and multi-year screening. During 2007/2008 crop season, 130 promising lines having less than 10% wilt incidence were selected from preliminary evaluation of 893 chickpea lines in wilt sick plot at ICRISAT, Patancheru. Of them 61 highly resistant lines were selected through further evaluation in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 crop season. Finally, a set of 31 genotypes were selected to constitute a Chickpea Wilt Nursery (CWN) and tested at 10 locations in India for three cropping seasons (2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013) coordinated through Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and ICRISAT collaboration. The genotype and genotype x environment interaction (GGE) indicated significant variations (p ≤ 0.001) due to genotype × environment (G × E) interaction. Most of genotypes were resistant at two locations, ICRISAT (Patancheru) and Badnapur. On the contrary most of them were susceptible at Dholi and Kanpur indicating the variability in pathogen. GGE biplot analyses allowed the selection six genotypes ICCVs 98505, 07105, 07111, 07305, 08113 and 93706 with high resistance and stability across most of the locations and eight moderately resistant (<20% mean incidence) genotypes viz., ICCVs 08123, 08125, 96858, 07118, 08124, 04514, 08323 and 08117. As chickpea is grown in diverse agro-ecological zones and environments; these genotypes can be used as stable/durable sources for future breeding program to develop wilt resistant cultivars.
Highlights
Among the legumes, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has occupied a foremost place due to its high nutritional value
A set of 31 genotypes (18 desi and 13 kabuli) including susceptible and resistant checks were selected based on consistent resistant reaction to constitute a Chickpea Wilt Nursery (CWN) for multi-environment and multi-year evaluation
Subsequent screening of 61 genotypes enabled in constitution of a CWN consisting of 28 promising genotypes with
Summary
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has occupied a foremost place due to its high nutritional value. Ciceris (FOC) is one of the widely distributed diseases of chickpea and cause yield loss up to 10–100% depending on varietal susceptibility and climatic conditions (Jimenez-Diaz et al, 1989; Patil et al, 2015). Exploitation of host plant resistance is the most trustworthy way to overcome the situation Numerous sources of resistance to Fusarium wilt in chickpea has been identified previously (Pande et al, 2006; Mirzapour et al, 2014; Chobe et al, 2016) and several are being utilized in resistance breeding program at ICRISAT and National Agricultural Research Stations (NARS) that has contributed in substantial increase of chickpea productivity in semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia (Sharma et al, 2012; Fikre et al, 2018). Resistance sturdiness in these sources is affected due to G × E interaction and high genetic variability in the pathogen
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