Exploring the future of 2D catalysts for clean and sustainable hydrogen production

Abstract

To address climate variations and the world's energy dilemma, hydrogen is an eco-friendly and sustainable energy carrier that may substitute for fossil fuel. A vast quantity of energy may be delivered or stored using hydrogen as a carrier. The prevailing hydrogen production mainly depends on fossil fuels making them one of today's most commonly used commodities. The Paris Agreement has been approved by 194 Parties as of right now (193 States plus the European Union) which pledged to achieve zero emissions targets as a response to the climate change threat on a global scale. Increasing the generation of green hydrogen from renewable sources of energy will help to provide little to no danger to the environment. Numerous techniques, such as photolysis, thermolysis, and electrolysis, can be used to synthesize sustainable hydrogen. Catalyst use can boost efficiency, whereas 2D catalysts can bring more efficiency in the production of green hydrogen that helps to minimize carbon dioxide emissions in the environment which is harmful to both environment and humans. The size of the worldwide green hydrogen marketing is anticipated to be USD 2565.7 million in 2028, growing at a 14% Compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) in terms of revenue. The primary topic covered in this review is the catalytic activity of 2D materials that may be utilized to create green hydrogen and increase manufacturing efficiency. A correlative study has been carried out through this article on the 2D catalysts such as MXene, graphene, and MOFs, of which graphene was found to be most effective in the production of hydrogen.