Exploration of the effect of NaCl/urea on aggregation process of imipramine hydrochloride drug and TX-165 mixture: A surface tension and UV–visible study

Abstract

In this research, mixed micellization analysis of imipramine hydrochloride (IMP), an antidepressant drug with nonionic TX-165 surfactant has been investigated entirely via tensiometry and UV–visible techniques. Influence of distinct solvents of certain concentration (aqueous/50 mmol.kg−1 NaCl/500 mmol.kg−1 urea) was also detected on mixed association behavior of IMP+TX-165 mixtures. As compared to the aqueous system, higher nonideality in IMP+TX-165 in NaCl solution was detected while in the urea system was found less i.e., the interaction between IMP and TX-165 in different solvents was found as follows: NaCl > aqueous > urea. The fraction of TX-165 in mixed micelles (X1m) was found to be higher than IMP caused by the high hydrophobicity of TX-165 than IMP. The attained interaction parameter (βm) for bulk mixed systems was negative in each case depicting the synergism or attractive interaction amid IMP and TX-165. Numerous evaluated thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that IMP+TX-165 mixed micelles formation is viable along with spontaneous and among all employed solvents, spontaneity was found higher in NaCl solvent and lower in urea solvent than aqueous solution. Interaction of IMP with TX-165 was also detected by UV–visible analysis as an increase in absorbance was attained. Overall, results might be helpful in the development of the drug delivery system.