Abstract
Measurements of atmospheric turbulence structure and multiwavelength scintillation statistics are described. The scintillation measurements use coincident virtual point sources, and include log-amplitude variances and covariances, spectra, and receiver-aperture smoothing. These are related to turbulence strength, spectral slope, and inner scale. The saturation of scintillations is found to be wavelength independent. The Kolmogorov atmospheric model breaks down under weak turbulence conditions, and hence the commonly used atmospheric and propagation theories tend to apply under mutually contradictory conditions. The transverse amplitude-correlation length and resultant receiver-aperture smoothing depart from theoretical predictions under strong scintillations. Scintillation spectra show much data spread but averages support the Taylor hypothesis. Short-path optical determinations of turbulence strength are seriously affected by nonzero inner scales of turbulence. Correlations of multiwavelength scintillations vs time indicate nonuniformity of both turbulence spectra and strength over the path.
Published Version
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