Abstract
The major aim of the research is to investigate the ability of biogas as an alternative fuel for gasoline-powered Spark Ignition (SI) engine. In this study, biogas/gasoline fuel mixtures containing different ratios of biogas, gasoline, and biogas were tested in an SI engine with an increased compression ratio at different engine loads and constant engine speed. According to the comparison with gasoline, the utilization of biogas generally decreased the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), while the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) rose. The lowest BTE and the highest BSFC were obtained with 100% biogas. Compared to gasoline, a decrease of 16.04% and an increase of 75.52% were observed, respectively. On the other hand, the use of biogas has improved all emissions. The best emission values were obtained with 100% biogas. Compared to gasoline, Carbon monoxide (CO), HydroCarbon (HC), and Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions decreased by 56.42%, 63%, and 48.96%, respectively. Finally, according to the results of the combustion analysis, the peak pressures were reduced with the utilization of biogas, and the position of the peak pressure shifted by 2° to 3° Crank Angle (CA). Compared to gasoline, the lowest pressure was obtained with 100% biogas, resulting in a reduction of approximately 24.69%.
Highlights
Energy has always had an important place in human life and energy needs must be met until the end of the world [1, 2]
The attributes of a single-cylinder, Spark Ignition (SI) engine operating by biogas and biogas-gasoline fuel mixtures were investigated experimentally, and compared with the gasoline operation, the following inferences were obtained:
In the use of biogas-containing test fuels 75G + 25Bio, 50G + 50Bio, 25G + 25Bio, and 100% biogas (100Bio), the SI engine produced an average of 3.27%, 7.55%, 12.26%, and 16.04% less Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) than gasoline, respectively
Summary
Energy has always had an important place in human life and energy needs must be met until the end of the world [1, 2]. With the oil crisis in the 1970s, the fact that fossil fuels are exhaustible and that different energy sources are needed has been understood by the whole world [9, 10]. Another and most important problem in the use of fossil fuels is air pollution [11, 12]. Studies on renewable, clean, and environmentally friendly fuels have gained momentum due to both the gradual decrease in fossil fuel reserves and their negative effects on the environment [14,15,16]
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