Abstract
Physico-chemical properties of microalgae biodiesel depend on the microalgae species and oil extraction method. Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is a clear, colourless and viscous liquid as a plasticizer. It is used in the processing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin and polymers. A new potential biofuel, hydrothermally liquefied microalgae bio-oil can contain nearly 11% (by mass) of DOP. This study investigated the feasibility of using up to 20% DOP blended in 80% diesel fuel (v/v) in an existing diesel engine, and assessed the performance and exhaust emissions. Despite reasonable differences in density, viscosity, surface tension, and boiling point, blends of DOP and diesel fuel were found to be entirely miscible and no separation was observed at any stage during prolonged miscibility tests. The engine test study found a slight decrease in peak cylinder pressure, brake, and indicated mean effective pressure, indicated power, brake power, and indicated and brake thermal efficiency with DOP blended fuels, where the specific fuel consumption increased. This is due to the presence of 16.4% oxygen in neat DOP, responsible for the relatively lower heating value, compared to that of diesel. The emission tests revealed a slight increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from DOP blended fuels. However, particulate matter (PM) emissions were lower from DOP blended fuels, although some inconsistency in particle number (PN) was present among different engine loads.
Highlights
The search for alternative fuels has been accelerated in recent years owing to increasing energy demands and limited fossil fuel reserves [1,2]
These reductions in indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) are related to the lower heating value of Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as well as inferior physical properties related to combustion compared to diesel fuel
For brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE; Figure 3) with the same fuels, similar trends were observed to IMEP and ITE for all fuels
Summary
The search for alternative fuels has been accelerated in recent years owing to increasing energy demands and limited fossil fuel reserves [1,2]. The demand for transport fuel is growing rapidly, and this growth. It is estimated that the energy demand in commercial transportation will increase by about. The current trend in the vehicle market suggests that the growing popularity of diesel vehicles, especially in the Asia Pacific and Europe regions, which will further drive diesel fuel demand [5,6]. COx2 analyzer was used as aused tracer instruments. A CAI 600 the series CO2 analyzer. CLD NO were to gas to calculate the the dilution ratio for each stage. CA-10) connected a three-way valve betweenwere the two diluters was to record the CO by a
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