Abstract
Abstract Bioretention can reduce surface runoff, slow down peak flow, and delay peak time by increasing the infiltration capacity of the underlying surface. The media structure directly affects the performance of bioretention systems. Four pilot tanks with different media configuration were built, and hydraulics and water volume reduction were studied though intermittent, simulated storm events. The results showed that water volume and peak flow reduction rate were the most stable and efficient for #1 (fly ash mixing sand, 1:1 by volume) than other systems, which were 58.6–67.9% and 72.0–86.4%, respectively. Partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to build a model for the relation between water volume reduction rate and its influencing factors (R2 = 0.76), and the factors that influence bioretention water volume reduction were ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: infiltration rate (IR) > submerged area height (SAH) > inflow volume (IV) > antecedent dry time (ADT). In addition, volume reduction rate exhibited a positive correlation with ADT and SAH, and a negative correlation with IR and IV. Three water transfer simulations with different infiltration rates were conducted using HYDRUS-1D under designed inflow conditions, and the minimum relative error is obtained for #1.
Highlights
Rapid urbanization worldwide is a major contributor to changes in runoff quantity, such as increase in runoff volume and rates, reduction in runoff lag time and groundwater recharge, and has caused a series of social environmental problems (Demuzere et al ; Liu et al )
Blast furnace slag (#3), and fly ash mixed with sand, which were selected for the influencing factor effect test to identify the relationship between water volume reduction rate and antecedent dry time (ADT), SZH, inflow volume (IV), and infiltration rate (IR)
Tank #2 was selected for the period running effect test without considering the impact of ADT and SZH, and the special packing layer of this tank is blast furnace slag mixed with sand (BFSS)
Summary
Rapid urbanization worldwide is a major contributor to changes in runoff quantity, such as increase in runoff volume and rates, reduction in runoff lag time and groundwater recharge, and has caused a series of social environmental problems (Demuzere et al ; Liu et al ). Urban rainwater utilization is an effective method to alleviate urban water. Compared to the traditional rapid discharge method, GI technologies maintain runoff volume, peak flow, and time to flood peak in developed areas consistently compared with the original condition, using infiltration, retention, storage, and other stormwater treatment measures (Versini et al ). Gülbaz & Kazezyılmaz-Alhan ( ) found that different soil characteristics have considerable effects on the hydrological performance of bioretention due to different infiltration capacities of various combinations
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