Expectations of Leaders' Mental Health.

Nurses suffering in silence: Addressing the stigma of mental health in nursing and healthcare.

Summary This paper reports on a systematic thematic synthesis of literature focusing on encouraging and discouraging factors for social workers to train and practise as Approved Mental Health Professionals in England. These professionals have legal authority to authorise the detention for assessment/treatment of people with a ‘mental disorder’ under the Mental Health Act 1983 and other statutory responsibilities. The review included 23 papers, which reported on 14 research studies and is presented using the job demands and resources model. Findings The review identified a lack of quantitative studies and specific gaps in evidence about social workers’ motivations or reasons why they do not want to become Approved Mental Health Professionals. It identified job resources and demands relating to the intrinsic nature of Approved Mental Health Professional work and extrinsic factors such as fit with social work values and the shortage of inpatient beds. Some job resources and demands overlapped and interacted. Applications The review suggests that a national survey of Approved Mental Health Professionals might be timely, to examine the relative importance of the job resources and demands; to assess their impact on levels of stress and burnout and on Approved Mental Health Professionals’ motivations to continue or cease working in the role. The findings of the review support the need for increasing the number of inpatient mental health beds and community resources and establishing requirements for the availability of doctors (who may make the medical recommendation to detain) and local agreements about the role of the police and ambulance services in Mental Health Act assessments.

Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.

Opportunities in mental health services research.

A conceptual framework for the revision of the ICD‐10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders

Health Beliefs and Help Seeking for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Among Urban Singaporean Adults

Over the past few decades, poor employee mental health has become one of Canada's most prevalent and costly occupational health issues. The recently released Canadian National Standard on Psychological Health and Safety is helping to broaden the corporate perspective of mental health and provide organisations with more systematic workplace mental health guidelines. We suggest that it is theoretically and practically important for researchers to continue to pursue the following four areas of occupational mental health research: 1) the development of theory; 2) the standardization of strategy development and evaluation; 3) the improvement of longitudinal research; 4) and the application of workplace mental health strategies in natural workplace settings.Keywords: employee mental health, occupational health, workplace strategiesAs the largest contributor to the disease burden in middle-and high-income countries (World Health Organization [WHO], 2004), mental health problems are significantly impacting billions of people throughout the world (Collins et al., 2011). In Canada alone, approximately 6.7 million people-nearly one fifth of the country's population-are currently living with a mental health problem (Smetanin et al., 2011). Unfortunately, as mental health problems continue to become more prevalent, so do their associated costs. In 2011, it was estimated that the Canadian economy loses approximately $50 billion every single year as a result of mental health problems, and that over the next 30 years, the total jcost to the Canadian economy will likely amount to well over $2.5 ' trillion (Smetanin et al., 2011).Because of these substantial financial losses, government and corporate interest in the mental health of Canadians is rising (Mental Health Commission of Canada [MHCC], 2012). Given that Canadian organisations collectively lose upward of $6 billion annually as a result of productivity declines associated with poor employee mental health (Smetanin et al., 2011), more and more organisational leaders are attempting to invest in the mental health of their employees (MHCC, 2012). With the cumulative 30-year productivity impact expected to be nearly $198 billion (Smetanin et al., 2011), the burden of poor employee mental health is likely to impede the overall growth of the Canadian economy-a consequence that has the potential to affect all Canadians. Because of these significant costs for Canadian organisations and members of the general public, systematic workplace research is still needed to better understand how organisations can prevent, manage, and help treat common employee mental health problems, such as excessive stress, burnout, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse problems.Efforts to improve knowledge about mental health and mental health problems have been relatively infrequent, especially compared with efforts designed to improve knowledge about physical health problems (Jorm, 2000). As a result, many employers and employees tend to have a relatively limited understanding of mental health (Jorm, 2000; WHO, 2000). Unsurprisingly, mental health literacy-one's knowledge, beliefs, and understanding about mental health problems and treatments-is remarkably low throughout the world, especially when compared with the worldwide level of physical health literacy (Jorm, 2000). In fact, mental health literacy is so low that many people with mental health problems suffer from substantial human rights violations, such as discrimination and social stigma (WHO, 2003), which often go unnoticed and unaddressed. As contended by the World Health Organization (2000), although employers have no problem recognising and accommodating an employee with a physical health problem, such as a broken arm or cancer, many employers are either hesitant or unaware of the appropriate responses and accommodations for an employee with a mental health problem.The Impact of Poor Employee Mental Health on the WorkplaceMany Canadian companies experience some of the negative organisational and employee-level consequences associated with poor employee mental health (Dunnagan, Peterson, & Haynes, 2001) . …

Overcoming Stigma: Asking for and Receiving Mental Health Support.

In 2004, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Board of Directors formed the Task Force on Mental Health and charged it with developing strategies to improve the quality of child and adolescent mental health* services in primary care. The task force acknowledged early in its deliberations that enhancing the mental health care that pediatricians and other primary care clinicians† provide to children and adolescents will require systemic interventions at the national, state, and community levels to improve the financing of mental health care and access to mental health specialty resources. Systemic strategies toward achieving these improvements are the subject of other publications of the task force: “ Strategies for System Change in Children's Mental Health: A Chapter Action Kit ” (chapter action kit),1 “Improving Mental Health Services in Primary Care: Reducing Administrative and Financial Barriers to Access and Collaboration,”2 and “Enhancing Pediatric Mental Health Care: Strategies for Preparing a Community.”3 The task force also recognized that enhanced mental health practice will require competencies not currently achieved by many primary care clinicians; in the policy statement “The Future of Pediatrics: Mental Health Competencies for Pediatric Primary Care,”4 the task force collaborated with the AAP Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health to outline these competencies and propose strategies for achieving them. This report offers strategies for preparing the primary care practice itself for provision of enhanced mental health care services. The task force proposes incrementally applying chronic care principles to the care of children with mental health and substance abuse problems as primary care clinicians apply them to the care of children with chronic medical conditions such as asthma. Most primary care clinicians will find that significant gaps exist between their current practice and the proposed ideal. The task force offers guidance in … Address correspondence to Jane Meschan Foy, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. E-mail: jmfoy{at}wfubmc.edu

We employed the job demands-resources model to examine the impacts of job demands and resources on Chinese nurses' mental health and patient safety. Employee mental health and patient safety represent important organisational goals in most hospitals. However, their relationships to insomnia, professional resources and job crafting, as related to the job demands-resources model among nurses, remain unclear. A convenience sample of 2095 registered hospital nurses was recruited from 25 provinces of mainland China from June 2019 to July 2019. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires that included the following instruments: the Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale, the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, the Job Crafting Scale, the Emotional Exhaustion Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the General Health Questionnaire and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. The final model confirmed our hypotheses: burnout mediated the relationship between actual job demands and mental health; work engagement mediated the relationship between perceived job resources and attitudes with regard to patient safety; and job crafting enhanced work engagement and practice environment. The job demands-resources model was extended based on the nurses' job characteristics and mental health, as well as patient safety. These findings may contribute to nursing management strategies that encourage employees to prevent burnout, promote work engagement and job crafting, and in turn promote nurses' mental health and patient safety.

The central place of psychiatry in health care worldwide.

Mitigating the Impact of Coronavirus Disease-2019 on Child and Family Behavioral Health: Suggested Policy Approaches

Une etude des sels nutritifs dans l'ocean est menee sur deux plans. L'un, est la modelisation de leur regeneration et de leur melange entre les masses d'eau suivant des horizons isopycnaux ; l'autre est l'analyse et l'acquisition de nouvelles donnees. Un lien tres etroit entre les sels nutritifs et l'oxygene d'une part et l'activite biologique d'autre part, caracterise par les rapports biochimiques P/N/-O2 = 1/16/138, a ete defini par Redfield (1934) et Redfield et al. (1963). Tout recemment Takahashi et al. (1985) et Broecker et al. (1985) ont propose des valeurs differentes des rapports de P/N/-O2 = 1/17/175 pour l'ocean mondial. Cette suggestion est etudiee d'une facon critique. L'etude de ces rapports est menee a l'aide d'une analyse isopycnale detaillee, a plusieurs profondeurs de la colonne d'eau de mer : suivant 4 niveaux dans les oceans Atlantique et Indien et suivant 5 niveaux dans l'Ocean Pacifique. Les donnees TTO ont ete selectionnees pour l'etude du Bassin Nord Atlantique et les donnees Geosecs pour les autres domaines consideres. On montre que le rapport P/-O2 decroit systematiquement en fonction de la profondeur d'une valeur de 160-200 en surface a une valeur de l'ordre de 108-127 en profondeur. L rapport N/-O2, qui semble altere par la denitrification dans le Pacifique Nord et equatorial, est constant geographiquement et dans la colonne d'eau. Le rapport d'abondance N/P decroit systematiquement avec la profondeur dans tous les domaines explores. Ces resultats pourraient etre expliques par un recyclage plus lent et plus en profondeur du phosphore par rapport a celui de l'azote. L'analyse automatisee des sels nutritifs a ete amelioree par une saisie et un depouillement en ligne par microordinateur pendant le programme Indigo dans l'Ocean Indien. De nouvelles donnees ont ete obtenues, d'une reproductibilite meilleure que le pourcent pour les nitrates et la silice. Les donnees Indigo, apres calibration, sont tres coherentes avec les donnees Geosecs dans l'Ocean Indien et confirment les resultats de l'analyse isopycnale dans cet ocean. Dans le bassin de Somalie, ces donnees tracent une remontee locale d'eau avec un flux estime a 7. 5 10⁶ m3/s. Ce resultat est en bon accord avec les descriptions dynamiques des courants dans la region et avec les donnees de traceurs transitoires (freons).

Health status, resources, and job demands in geriatric nursing staff: A cross-sectional study on determinants and relationships

Role of Supervisor Support in Promoting Mental Health at the Workplace