Examining the contribution of surrounding intact skin during cutaneous healing.

Abstract

Severe cutaneous wounds expose the body to the external environment, which may lead to impairments in bodily functions and increased risk of infection. There is a need to develop skin substitutes which could effectively promote complete skin regeneration following an injury. Murine models are used to test such skin substitutes, but their healing involves contraction of the dermis not found in human wounds. We have previously described a device called a dome, which comes in two models, that is used to prevent skin contraction in mice. One model provides a physical barrier to minimize contraction, and the other model has additional perforations in the barrier to allow cellular contribution from the surrounding intact skin. Taking advantage of an enhanced version of these two models, we compared granulation tissue formation, the extent of vascularization, and the transition to myofibroblastic phenotype between the models. We enhanced the dome by developing a twist open cap dome and applied the two models of the dome into the excisional wound biopsy in mice. We demonstrate that the dome can be used to prevent skin contraction in mice. The control model prevented skin contraction while barricading the contribution of surrounding intact skin. When not barricaded, the intact skin enhances wound healing by increasing the number of myofibroblasts and neovascularization. Using a novel model of inhibition of skin contraction in rodents, we examined the contribution from the surrounding intact skin to granulation tissue formation, myofibroblastic differentiation, and neovascularization during the course of skin healing in mice.