Abstract
Abstract We present an efficient algorithm for generating exact permutational distributions for linear rank statistics defined on stratified 2 × c contingency tables. The algorithm can compute exact p values and confidence intervals for a rich class of nonparametric problems. These include exact p values for stratified two-population Wilcoxon, Logrank, and Van der Waerden tests, exact p values for stratified tests of trend across several binomial populations, exact p values for stratified permutation tests with arbitrary scores, and exact confidence intervals for odds ratios embedded in stratified 2 × c tables. The algorithm uses network-based recursions to generate stratum-specific distributions and then combines them into an overall permutation distribution by convolution. Where only the tail area of a permutation distribution is desired, additional efficiency gains are achieved by backward induction and branch-and-bound processing of the network. The algorithm is especially efficient for highly imbalan...
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