Abstract
Diyala River is a tributary of Tigris River, it is one of the important rivers in Iraq. It covers a total distance of 445 km (275 miles). 32600 km2is the area that drains by Diyala River between Iraqi-Iranian borders. This research aims to evaluate the water quality index WQI of Diyala River, where three stations were chosen along the river. These stations are D12 at Jalawlaa City at the beginning of Diyala River, the second station is D15 at Baaquba City at the mid distance of the river, and the third station is D17 which is the last station before the confluence of Diyala River with Tigris River at Baghdad city. Bhargava method was used in order to evaluate the water quality index for both irrigation and drinking uses. The results indicated that Diyala river water quality at its beginning was excellent for irrigation and good for drinking, while at the mid distance of the river, it was good for irrigation but heavily polluted and unsafe for drinking. Water quality of the river at the third site was acceptable for irrigation but again severely polluted and unsafe for drinking.
Highlights
Diyala River is one of the important water resources and one of the main tributaries of Tigris River in Iraq
The river catchment is widely varied through the entire catchments area from semi-arid plain north of Baghdad to mountainous area of western Iran [2]. The catchments of this river are divided into four parts; the first part is above Derbendikhan, the second part is Upper Diyala, the third part is Middle Diyala and the fourth part is down Diyala, each of these parts has different characteristics and different contribution to the main river flow
In addition to the two dams, the Diyala wier was constructed on the river (11 km downstream from Hemrin Dam) and it distributes the outflow of Hemrin reservoir to the Lower Diyala River and the irrigation canals (Al-Khalis canal and Sadr Al-Mushtarak)
Summary
The river catchment is widely varied through the entire catchments area from semi-arid plain north of Baghdad to mountainous area of western Iran [2]. The catchments of this river are divided into four parts; the first part is above Derbendikhan, the second part is Upper Diyala, the third part is Middle Diyala and the fourth part is down Diyala, each of these parts has different characteristics and different contribution to the main river flow. The results of this study revealed that the quality of Diyala River water can be classified as suitable for irrigation with few exceptions[1]. The rate of transport was not uniform throughout the studied period, where most of the load (51.02 percent of the suspended load and 54.68 percent of the solute load) was transported during the Winter [4]
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