Evaluation the Suitability of Irrigation Water in Karma Island for Agriculture

Abstract

To evaluating the suitability of surface and groundwater which used in agriculture in Karma Island in Anbar Governorate, eight wells depending on the topographical variation in the area as well as the surface water (Euphrates River) were selected. The water samples were collected during the winter and summer seasons at period 2021-2022. The tests included some chemical measurements of the water, its classification, and assessment of its suitability for agricultural purposes and its quality according to the Baber classification. The results showed significant difference between water sources and date of sampling in terms of studied indicators, the rates of the electrical conductivity ranged between 1.20-12.05 dSm-1 and the values of the degree of reaction in general was tend towards equality (6.9-7.3). The reason of spatial and temporal variation in this chemical water indicators refer to the geological rocks from which these ground waters pass through. As for salinity is concerned, the water of all wells was within the sever category, which indicated the magnitude of the use of this water in agriculture, because its proportion exceeds the limits of this chemical characteristic, while the surface resources water was within light to moderate category. In terms of the degree of reaction do not exceed the recommended index in the manual. As for its content of calcium, sodium, chloride and sulfate, all wells water was outside the usual range category, magnesium concentrations was within the permissible limit, while bicarbonate was within the slight to moderate category. The permeability index showed no objection to the use of this water for agriculture. Classified, all waters was in terms of salinity within class C4, as for the sodium hazards, the sources of water used for irrigation in sites W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 were of low class S1, while wells W6, W7, W8 and W9 were within class. S2. According to geochemical properties and on basis of Cations, it became clear that there is water sovereignty Na+ and Ca+2, while according to anions, it was chloride-sulfur water.