Evaluation of the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions attributable to wind energy: A retrospective evaluation of Indian Offshore and Coastal Site

Abstract

This study assesses the possible reduction in carbon dioxide emissions brought on by the growth of wind power in India by developing offshore site. This study uses novel evolutionary algorithms and computational techniques to analyse wind potential on flat and offshore and sites. The wind data were recorded using remote sensing technique LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). This study employs the life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify the atmospheric carbon emissions of offshore wind turbines, to understand and to guide policy regulatory for offshore wind energy, and future investment decisions for wind power expansion. Parameter estimates are used to compute wind densities. The study demonstrates that wind turbine lifespan and energy output have major effects on GHG (Green House Gas) emission, signifying that it is an efficient strategy to extend wind turbine lifetime and enhance wind turbine energy production to minimise wind turbine GHG emission intensity. Over the course of their lifetimes, offshore wind turbines emit 0.130 kg CO2-eq/MJ. Compared to coal power stations, wind turbines have significantly lower life-cycle GHG emission intensities. If wind turbines erected in 2014 supplant coal, the saved GHG emissions might equal 5.08 x 107t CO2-eq, or 0.09% of the global GHG emissions in 2021.