Abstract
To assess the physicochemical properties of AH Plus, GuttaFlow 2, GuttaFlow BioSeal, and MM Seal, five samples of each root canal sealer were evaluated to determine their setting time (ST), dimensional change (DC), solubility (SL), flow (FL), and radiopacity (RD) according to American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Specification 57. The distilled and deionized water obtained from the SL test were subjected to atomic absorption spectrometry to observe the presence of Ca2+, K+, and Na+ ions. Statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer tests (p < 0.05). The following results were obtained: ST (min) (AH Plus 463.6 ± 13.22; GuttaFlow 2 24.35 ± 2.78; GuttaFlow Bioseal 17.4 ± 0.55; MM Seal 47.60 ± 4.39), DC (%) (AH Plus 0.06 ± 0.12; GuttaFlow 2 -26.06 ± 1.24; GuttaFlow Bioseal 2.10 ± 1.47; MM Seal 8.47 ± 2.41), SL (%) (AH Plus 0.41 ± 0.21; GuttaFlow 2 5.13 ± 4.11; GuttaFlow Bioseal 3.03 ± 1.05; MM Seal 0.94 ± 0.17), FL (mm) (AH Plus 36.42 ± 0.40; GuttaFlow 2 36.44 ± 0.05; GuttaFlow Bioseal 35.4 ± 0.03; MM Seal 52.75 ± 0.60), and RD (mmAl) (AH Plus 7.52 ± 1.59; GuttaFlow 2 6.85 ± 0.14; GuttaFlow Bioseal 7.02 ± 0.18; MM Seal 3.32 ± 0.90). ST, DC, SL, FL, and RD showed statistical differences among the root canal sealers (p < 0.05). As AH Plus showed the lowest DC and SL values (p < 0.05), the findings indicate that this sample is the only sealer conforming to ANSI/ADA standards.
Highlights
The goal of endodontic treatment is to promote proper cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system (RCS); these are interdependent procedures that must be carefully performed so that successful treatment can be achieved[1]
As AH Plus showed the lowest dimensional change (DC) and SL values (p < 0.05), the findings indicate that this sample is the only sealer conforming to ANSI/ADA standards
As the development of new materials, such as silicone-based sealers and their various compositions, offers the prospect of improving the quality of the resulting fillings, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the physicochemical properties of GuttaFlow 2 and GuttaFlow Bioseal as well as MM Seal and AH Plus according to ANSI/ADA Specification 57 with the modifications proposed by CarvalhoJúnior et al.[4]
Summary
The goal of endodontic treatment is to promote proper cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system (RCS); these are interdependent procedures that must be carefully performed so that successful treatment can be achieved[1]. Three-dimensional sealing is necessary in the filling of root canals to prevent bacterial microleakage[2], thereby avoiding possible reinfection, and create a favorable environment for the repair of periapical tissues.[1,2,3]. Root canal sealers can be classified according to their composition as zinc oxide and eugenol-based sealers; sealers containing calcium hydroxide; glass
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