Abstract
AbstractOne-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has attracted much attention due to its simplicity, high feasibility in scaling up production, abundantly renewable sources, and environmental friendliness. Herein, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Phyllanthus urinaria leaf extracts (OT-ext and P.uri.ext, respectively) were chosen as reacting agents with rich and poor saponins to fabricate two biogenic AgNPs and characterize them. OT-AgNPs were simply and successfully generated by OT-ext. Ultraviolet-visible spectra showed the peak centered at 434 nm, which confirmed the presence of AgNPs after an 8-h reaction. FT-IR showed the organic functional groups (OH, C═O, C═C, CH, and COC) capping the surface of OT-AgNPs, which agreed with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis exhibiting the composition containing C, O, and Ag. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs revealed that OT-AgNPs possess spherical morphology, with a size range of 5–61 nm, and the majority having a small size within that range. In comparison, P.uri.AgNPs formed by P.uri.ext had a size distribution in a similar range, but the P.uri.AgNP diameter shifted toward larger sizes. Further, OT-AgNPs and P.uri.AgNPs showed an effective antifungal ability against Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. Overall, it was found that the rich saponins in the extracts lead to the formation of smaller AgNPs, but all extract-mediated AgNPs with a size less than 100 nm can act as a fungicide for various applications.
Highlights
In recent years, bioinspired silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been a research focus due to the increasing need for AgNPs and the utmost advantages of green synthesis
Green AgNPs have been successfully synthesized by plant extracts due to the reducing power of tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, phytosterol, chalcone, anathraquinone, and cuomarin [38,39]
The OTAgNPs formed by OT-ext were compared with P.uri.AgNPs formed by the P. urinaria leaf extract (P.uri.ext)
Summary
In recent years, bioinspired silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been a research focus due to the increasing need for AgNPs and the utmost advantages of green synthesis. Green synthesis has gained more attention than physical and chemical methods due to a number of reasons: the use of clean and nontoxic chemicals and renewable materials; the use of environmentally benign solvents as the aqueous media of the reaction; simplicity; and low cost [5,6,7]. Common green methods have been reported to utilize microbes, algae, natural polymers, and aqueous plant extracts to fabricate AgNPs [8], as well as other metallic nanoparticles, such as those of Pd and CuO [9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Green synthesis using plant extracts has been considered a rapid and simple method, utilizing abundant and found material sources, with highly scalable production [5,16].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
