Natural Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Leaf Extract of Guazuma Ulmifolia Lam and Analysis of its Antimicrobial Property

Abstract

Abstract: In the field of life science, nanoparticles are one of the leading adverse technologies. Here, the particles are seen in nanometers of 1–100 nm. In small-size particles, many useful applications are seen in the fields of medicine, pharma, agriculture, and many more industry sectors. In the present study, Guazuma ulmifolia, a member of the Malvavceae family, was a test plant. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesised from plant extract. Characterization using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV spectra confirmed the presence of nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticle sizes were measured using SEM, and the sizes ranged from 132nm to 352 nm. The XRD size of silver nanoparticles calculated using Debye-Scherrer’s equation was found to be 15.31 nm. Four drop-down FT-IR peaks were observed, which are 3369.60, 2162.44, 1643.53, and 635.04. N-H and C-I bonds were observed, and UV-Vis nanoparticles synthesised showed maximum absorptions between 300 nm to 700 nm. The sharp bands of silver nitrate nanoparticles were around 535nm for fresh leaves. The antimicrobial activity of synthesised nanoparticles against bacterial test pathogens, viz., Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, showed significant antibacterial activity. The average percentage of inhibition of bacteria is 38.83%, 0%, 10%, and 18.5%. Antifungal activity was also observed against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium atramentosum, Aspergillus flavus, and Alternaria solani. The average percentage of inhibition in fungi is 15.68%, 58.53%, 0%, 32%, and 22.2%.