Evaluation of protonation constants of glycylglycine in acetonitrile– and ethylene glycol–water mixtures

Abstract

Knowledge of the protonation constants of dipeptides is important and necessary for complete understanding of their physiochemical behavior. The effect of dielectric constant of medium on protonation equilibria has been studied by determining protonation constants of glycylglycine pH-metrically in various concentrations (0–60%v/v) of acetonitrile–water and ethylene glycol–water mixtures, at an ionic strength of 0.16 mol L−1 and at 303.0 ± 0.1 K. The protonation constants were calculated with the computer program MINIQUAD75 and selection of the best fit chemical models is based on the statistical parameters. Linear and non-linear variations of stepwise protonation constants with reciprocal of dielectric constant of the solvent mixtures have been attributed to the dominance of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces, respectively. Distribution of species, protonation equilibria, and effect of influential parameters on the protonation constants have also been presented.