Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of autologous micrografts obtained by the Rigenera® Micrografting Technology and xenograft on critical size defects created in the calvaria of rats. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups for each of the two evaluation times (15 and 30 days) (n = 6). After general anesthesia, a 5-mm diameter bone defect was created in the calvaria of each animal. Each defect was filled with the following materials: blood clot, autologous bone graft, xenograft, and xenograft associated with autologous micrografts. Histomorphometric and histological analysis showed that the group that have received the Rigenera® processed autologous micrografts combined with the xenograft and the group that received autologous bone graft resulted in greater bone formation in both time points when compared with the use of the xenograft alone and blood clot.
Highlights
Bone defects following trauma have a high impact on the quality of life of millions of people worldwide and innovative regenerative procedures are considered a promising approach to repair these defects
The animals were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 (G1) rats with the bone defect filled with the blood clot; Group 2 (G2) rats with the bone defect filled with autologous bone of the calvaria sample; Group 3 (G3) rats with the defect filled with xenogenous bone (Bio-Oss®); Group 4 (G4) rats with the defect filled with micrografts of calvaria sample plus xenogenous bone (Bio-Oss®)
In the G3 group where Bio-Oss®was used, the central region of the wound was filled with particles of the biomaterial, which were characterized by negative areas with polyhedral shapes, varied sizes, and contours forming right angles (Figure 3C) and, in some samples, it was possible to observe a newly formed bone in the hole of biomaterial particles that were close to the stump (Figure 4C)
Summary
Bone defects following trauma have a high impact on the quality of life of millions of people worldwide and innovative regenerative procedures are considered a promising approach to repair these defects. Bone grafting is a surgical procedure aiming to replaces missing bone with natural bone transplants (autografts, allografts, xenografts) or synthetic materials (alloplasts) and is widely used in all fields of oral maxillofacial surgery, especially for implant dentistry [1]. To this end, the use of autogenous bone graft for dental implant installation was first described by Bränemark in 1980, and is currently a well-accepted and widespread procedure in maxillofacial rehabilitation planning [2]. The obtained 80 μm micrografts (i) retain high cellular viability (70–90%), which is the limited step in mechanical disaggregation; (ii) are enriched in progenitor cells; and (iii) more
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