Evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity, quantitative estimation of phenols, flavonoids and carotenoids in different parts of Samadera indica from South India

Abstract

The total phenols, flavonoids and carotenoids contents of Samadera indica methanol extracts of leaf, bark, seed, root and seed pod were determined. Among the methanol extracts of leaf, bark, seed, root and seed pod, the total phenols, flavonoids and carotenoids contents were found to be 105.67±0.243 mg catechol equivalent per gram for seed, 136.28±1.26 mg quercetin equivalent per gram for bark and 82.37 ±0.842 mg β-carotene equivalent per gram for seed which are higher than the activity of other extracts of the plant. The antioxidant activity of the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of leaf, bark, seed, root and seedpod of Samadera indica were established. The IC50value was found lower for bark methanol extracts 43.7±1.08 μg/ml for DPPH assay, seed methanol exhibited higher activity towards reducing power assay, lower IC50 value for seed methanol extracts 44.74±0.249 μg/ml for metal chelating assay, in phosphomolybdenum assay higher activity found for seed methanol extracts 199.08 mg/mlequ of ascorbic acid/100g of the plant extracts. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity found to be higher for seed methanol extracts i.e. 78%. Significant activity towards antibacterial assay was exhibited by Samadera indica methanol extracts. 100% cytotoxicity observed by bark and leaf methanol extracts of the plant at 200 mg/ml dosage. These results confer the synergic effect of phenol, flavonoid and carotenoid contents in the plant extracts against degradative bioreactions. Further studies are needed to explore the potential compound from Samadera indica since which has high potential to be used in drug formulation.