Abstract
This paper describes a method for determining the dielectric constant of a biological tissue. A suitable way to make a dielectric measurement that is nondestructive and noninvasive for the biological substance and broadband at the frequency range of the network analyzer is to use a reflection method on an open ended coaxial line. A coaxial probe in the frequency range of the network analyzer from 17 MHz to 2 GHz is under investigation and also a calibration technique and the behavior of discrete elements in an equivalent circuit of an open ended coaxial line. Information about the magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficient on the interface between a biological tissue sample and a measurement probe is modeled with the aid of an electromagnetic field simulator. The numerical modeling is compared with real measurements, and a comparison is presented.
Highlights
The dielectric properties of biological tissues are determining factors for the dissipation of electromagnetic energy in the human body and they are important parameters in hyperthermia treatment, in microwave detection of tumors and in the assessment of exposure doses in basic research on interactions between electromagnetic fields and biological tissues [1].Measurement of the dielectric parameters of biological tissue is a promising method in medical imaging and diagnostics
The system that we modeled consisted of two parts, i.e. the sensor and the biological tissue
Measuring complex permittivity is a promising method for medical diagnostics and for preparing treatment with the use of an electromagnetic field
Summary
The dielectric properties of biological tissues are determining factors for the dissipation of electromagnetic energy in the human body and they are important parameters in hyperthermia treatment, in microwave detection of tumors and in the assessment of exposure doses in basic research on interactions between electromagnetic fields and biological tissues [1]. Measurement of the dielectric parameters of biological tissue is a promising method in medical imaging and diagnostics. Knowledge of the complex permittivity in an area under treatment, i.e. knowledge of the complex permittivity of healthy and tumor tissues, is very important for example in diagnosing of tumor cell-nests in medical diagnostics or for engineers in the design of thermo-therapeutic applicators. Other interesting applications are 3D reconstruction methods for various biological tissues based on the layered uniform tissue model (skin, fat and muscle)
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