Evaluation of 99mTc-Ethambutol Radiopharmaceutical Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Radioactive Detector (Radio-HPLC)

Abstract

99m Tc-ethambutol is a radiopharmaceuticals used to determine the location of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes TB disease. To prepare this radiopharmaceuticals, several supporting compounds are required in addition to ethambutol and radionuclide compounds. These are mannitol as filler, SnCl 2 as a reducing agent and sodium pyrophosphate as co-ligand. The radiopharmaceuticals is made in the form of a lyophilized kit without 99m Tc radionuclides. The aim of this study was to determined the effect of reducing agents on 99m Tc-ethambutol preparation using the High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equiped with radiodetector (radio-HPLC) to the quality of radiopharmaceuticals. In the previous study, the determination of radiochemical purity only used TLC by determining the amount of impurities TcO 2 and TcO 4 . This study was carried out more profoundly by using radio-HPLC to ensure the quality of radiopharmaceutical products that were made is actually 99m Tc-ethambutol. The Test were performed using paper chromatography, electrophoresis, radio-HPLC, and stability test of 99m Tc-ethambutol radiopharmaceuticals. The results showed that the radiopharmaceuticalkit of ethambutol is performing good physical characterictics and high radiochemical purity of 99m Tc-ethambutol both in analysis using paper chromatography, electrophoresis and radio-HPLC. The 99m Tc-ethambutol shown the peak at retention time (t r ) 7,97 minutes using UV and radioactive detector, C18 column, isocratic system using phosphate buffer 0,2 M pH 7,4 and Acetonitrile (90 :10), flow rate 0,8 mL/min. The radiochemical purity of 99m Tc-ethambutol is still remain high (91.44 ± 0.92%) after 27 days of kit were made. Key words : 99m Tc-ethambutol, radio-HPLC, TB disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , radiopharmaceuticals.