Abstract
ABSTRACT Eucalyptus plantations are cultivated worldwide. In Brazil, this crop is widely used for reforestation and production of raw material. Due to that, the Eucalyptus fungal community is promising in terms of diversity. A survey of saprobic fungi was carried out on Floresta Estadual Edmundo Navarro de Andrade, Rio Claro, São Paulo, and a member of the family Reticulascaceae was identified. Kylindria eucalypti sp. nov., was found on dead bark of Eucalyptus grandis in Brazil, and it is described, illustrated, and compared with related species. Kylindria is a genus of mainly terrestrial, saprobic, asexually reproducing fungi. The fungus is characterised by its conidiophores with lobed or swollen basal cells, and percurrently extending conidiogenous cells that produce 3-septate conidia with an excentric lateral flat scar. Conidial illustrations of accepted Kylindria species are provided. A dichotomous key and a synoptic table to Kylindria species is presented, and comment is made on a further excluded species, K. conglutinata.
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