Estimation of Loading-Driven Fluid-Flow Pattern in Lacunar-Canalicular Space Using Fluid Structure Interaction

Abstract

Bone cells namely osteoblasts and osteocytes are assumed responsible for loading-induced osteogenesis. Osteocytes lie within the bone and connect to each other via cell process passing through canalicular spaces which forms a canalicular network. Fluid motion across this network acts as a medium of communication with neighbouring cells. Mechanical loading-induced pressure gradients in lacunar canalicular space (LCS) causes canalicular fluid to flow. However, it remains unclear how canalicular fluid motion and solid structure interact with each other under loading derived strain environment. In the present study, a two-way fluid structure interaction model is developed to estimate canalicular fluid flow behaviour. Flow streamlines and wall shear stress are computed. Results indicates that wall shear due to fluid flow on the pores wall is also in the same pattern as the velocity streams and velocity is maximum at those regions where the wall shear is also maximum. The outcomes provide a better understanding for developing strategies to enhance the fluid flow in bone, which may ultimately be useful in the development of effective countermeasure for the reversal of bone loss.