Abstract
A mathematical model based on macroscopic heat balance for surface ablation phenomenon and analytical temperature profile below the vapor cavity, has been developed to estimate the average effective spot diameter and predict depth of bead penetration as a function of the processing parameters during electron beam welding of AISI 304 stainless steel. The average beam spot diameter on the work piece surface has been estimated by minimizing the difference between the model prediction and experimental depth of bead penetration. Present experimental data and data from relevant literature have been used to obtain the correlations for beam spot diameter as a function of heat input (i.e. energy input per unit length). Subsequently, a close agreement between the predicted and experimental bead depths is observed.
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