Abstract
Air merupakan faktor penentu dalam produktivitas tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Ketepatan pemberian air irigasi selama fase pertumbuhan dapat berpengaruh pada hasil produksi. Untuk itu, penting bagi petani untuk merencanakan jadwal irigasi yang tepat sesuai dengan kebutuhan air tanaman jagung. CROPWAT 8.0 adalah program perangkat lunak komputer yang dikembangkan oleh Divisi Tanah dan Air FAO yang berguna untuk menghitung kebutuhan air tanaman dan merencanakan penjadwalan irigasi. Namun, belum banyak yang memanfaatkan program ini sebagai alat bantu dalam manajemen irigasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kebutuhan air dan merencanakan penjadwalan irigasi tanaman jagung pada setiap musim tanam di Desa Paniki Atas, Kecamatan Talawaan dengan menggunakan CROPWAT 8.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air jagung bervariasi di setiap Musim Tanam (MT). Curah hujan efektif pada Musim Tanam Pertama (MT-01) dan Musim Tanam Ketiga (MT-03) terbilang cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air tanaman jagung. Sementara itu, pada Musim Tanam Kedua (MT-02), diperlukan irigasi tambahan pada fase pertengahan pertumbuhan karena curah hujan efektif tidak mencukupi kebutuhan air tanaman jagung. Penjadwalan irigasi direncanakan dengan interval 10 hari sekali, disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan air tanaman jagung pada setiap musim tanam. Total irigasi yang direkomendasikan untuk MT-01, MT-02, dan MT-03 berturut-turut adalah 236,0 mm, 276,9 mm, dan 238,8 mm. Water is a determining factor in the productivity of maize (Zea mays L.). The accuracy of irrigation water application during the growth phases can significantly affect yield. Therefore, it is essential for farmers to plan an irrigation schedule that aligns with the water requirements of the maize crop. CROPWAT 8.0 is a computer software program developed by the FAO's Land and Water Division, which is useful for calculating crop water requirements and planning irrigation schedules. However, its use as a tool in irrigation management has not been widely adopted. This study aims to estimate the water requirements and plan the irrigation scheduling for maize crops during each planting season in Paniki Atas Village, Talawaan District, using CROPWAT 8.0. The results of the study indicated that the water requirements for maize varied across planting seasons (MT). Effective rainfall during the First Planting Season (MT-01) and the Third Planting Season (MT-03) was sufficient to meet the water needs of the maize crop. Meanwhile, in the Second Planting Season (MT-02), additional irrigation was needed in the mid-growth phase because the effective rainfall did not suffice for the crop's water needs. Irrigation scheduling was planned with a 10-day interval, adjusted to the water requirements of the maize crop in each planting season. The total recommended irrigation for MT-01, MT-02, and MT-03 were 236.0 mm, 276.9 mm, and 238.8 mm, respectively.
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