Espécies vegetais descritas em área de reserva da biosfera da Mata Atlântica como fonte para novos compostos bioativos

Abstract

This work consists of a systematic review of the literature related to the plant species cataloged in Parque das Dunas, Salvador-BA, a region acclaimed by the title of Atlantic Forest biosphere reserve by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). We included studies containing data on pharmacological activity, phytochemical and toxic profile of the species, from PUBMED, SCIELO and SCIENCE DIRECT databases, in Portuguese and English, without a delimited period. The scientific names of the thirty cataloged species were used as descriptors. The physicochemical parameters and prediction in silico toxicity were evaluated for the isolated and active compounds. As a result, it was verified that of the thirty species, twelve were investigated for pharmacological activity and/or phytochemical and toxic profile, and 33% of the studies involving Chrysobalanus icaco L. (Chrysobalanaceae). Twenty-five bioactive compounds isolated predominantly of the terpene and flavonoid classes, and in eighteen studies the safety of seven species was evaluated. The in silico analysis showed ten compounds did not violate the Lipinski and Veber rules, and only three with high toxic potential. This review gathers data that point to the use of natural products from Brazilian territory in research that may culminate in development of innovative drugs.