Abstract
AbstractVarious types of in situ sea surface temperature (SST) measurements have dominated during different periods of the satellite era. Their corresponding errors should be characterized to curtail the nonuniformities in calibration and validation of reprocessed historical satellite SST data. SSTs from several major in situ platform types reported in the NOAA in situ Quality Monitor (iQuam) system have been collocated with NOAA‐17 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Envisat Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) satellite SSTs from 2003 to 2009, produced by the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program. The standard deviations of errors in iQuam in situ and nighttime satellite CCI SSTs estimated using triple‐collocation analyses are 0.75 K for ships, 0.21–0.22 K for drifters and Argo floats, 0.17 K and 0.40 K for tropical and coastal moorings, 0.35–0.38 K for AVHRR, and 0.15–0.30 K for AATSR. The distribution of in situ and satellite errors in space and time is also analyzed, along with their single‐sensor error distributions.
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