Epidemiology and Mode of Emergency Diversion of Obstructive Renal Failure of Malignant Cause Retrospective Report

Abstract

Objective: Obstructive uropathy and its surgical management. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the urology department of Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca over a 12-month period (April 2019-March 2020). It included 63 cases of patients hospitalized for obstructive renal failure. We included all patients with renal failure due to a documented malignant pathology. Results: Most of the patients were men (n = 45, 71.4%). The mean age was 60.2 years, with the most affected age group between 51 and 60 years. Forty-three patients (68.3%) were being treated for cancer. The clinical symptoms were diverse, dominated by low back pain. The bladder was the first organ affected by a tumor process. Renal function was impaired in all patients. Twenty patients (31.7%) (n=20) underwent dialysis prior to any bypass. The percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) was inserted in 56 patients (88.9%) (n=56), the double J catheter in 5 patients (7.9%) (n=5), and 2 patients (3.2%) (n=2) had a percutaneous nephrostomy and a double J catheter inserted contralaterally. Conclusions: In this cohort, bladder tumor was the main cause of obstructive renal failure. Percutaneous nephrostomy was the main mode of diversion used in our center. This choice was dictated by epidemiology and center experience not having a success rate of double J ureteral catheter placement in obstructive renal failure secondary to bladder tumor.