Abstract
In this study, the effects of temperature and the duration of leaf wetness on the development of rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae and the reactions of Edirne and Osmancık-97 rice cultivars against the disease were investigated under controlled environmental conditions. Rice cultivars Edirne and Osmancık-97 were inoculated with a conidial suspension (5x105 conidia ml-1) of P. oryzae and exposed to combinations of five different leaf wetness durations (from 6 to 30 h) and four different temperatures (20 to 32°C) over the course of infection period. Disease severity on cvs. Edirne and Osmancık-97 increased with increasing temperatures and hours of wetness duration. The highest disease severity was detected on plants exposed to a 30 h the leaf wetness duration at 28°C, While the lowest disease severity values were observed 6 h leaf wetness duration at 20°C temperature. Increased leaf wetness durations significantly increased disease severity at optimal temperature. But, it was observed that the all disease severity values on cultivar of Osmancık-97 lower than cv. Edirne at same temperatures and leaf wetness durations. In addition, a new and simple technique was developed to increase the sporulation capacity of the P. oryzae to provide enough inoculum quantity in the experiments by this study.
Highlights
Rice has been considered one of the most significant staple food crops of more than half of the world’s population (Nalley et al, 2016)
The objectives of this study were to assign the effects of temperature and duration of leaf wetness on the progress of rice blast disease caused by P. oryzae and reactions of Edirne and Osmancık-97 cultivars against blast disease in controlled environment conditions
Edirne and Osmancık-97 inoculated with P. oryzae at different temperatures and leaf wetness durations
Summary
Rice has been considered one of the most significant staple food crops of more than half of the world’s population (Nalley et al, 2016). Asian countries supply approximately 90% of the world rice production. While China has a 27% share in world production with 208 million tonnes, followed by India with 22% and Indonesia with 9.7% (FAO, 2018). Turkey’s rice farming has been made in around 120 thousand hectare areas in Marmara, Black Sea, Southeast Anatolia, the Mediterranean and the Aegean regions and rice production was approximately 940 thousand tonnes (TUİK, 2018). The current global human population is predicted to grow by over a third and to reach 9 billion between 2009 and 2050 (Godfray et al, 2010); it must increase by 70% globally cultivated land between 2005 and 2007 and 2050 to reach food request from population development (FAO, 2009). Any reduction in production will have adverse effects on human food demand
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