Abstract
Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age represents an important source of frailty and functional decline in the elderly. Antioxidants from botanical extracts have been shown to enhance the development, mass, and strength of skeletal muscle by influencing age-related cellular and molecular processes. Tannase-treated green tea extract contains high levels of the antioxidants (−)-epicatechin (EC) and gallic acid that may have therapeutic benefits for age-related muscle decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tannase-treated green tea extract on various muscle-related parameters, without concomitant exercise, in a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Administration of tannase-treated green tea extract (600 mg/day) for 12 weeks significantly increased isokinetic flexor muscle and handgrip strength in the treatment group compared with those in the placebo (control) group. In addition, the control group showed a significant decrease in arm muscle mass after 12 weeks, whereas no significant change was observed in the treatment group. Blood serum levels of follistatin, myostatin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and cortisol were analyzed, and the decrease in myostatin resulting from the administration of tannase-treated green tea extract was found to be related to the change in muscle mass and strength. In summary, oral administration of tannase-treated green tea extract containing antioxidants without concomitant exercise can improve muscle mass and strength and may have therapeutic benefits in age-related muscle function decline.
Highlights
Over the past few decades, human life expectancy has shown an unprecedented increase owing to improved healthcare and living conditions
The decline in muscle function in the elderly is associated with an age-related reduction in muscle cells, imbalance between protein degradation and synthesis, inflammation-causing cytokines, cortisol, sex hormones, insulin resistance, and other factors related to lifestyle, such as nutritional intake and physical activity [3]
We investigated the effects of tannase-treated green tea extract containing antioxidants without concomitant exercise on isokinetic flexor muscle and handgrip strength
Summary
Over the past few decades, human life expectancy has shown an unprecedented increase owing to improved healthcare and living conditions. An extended lifespan has resulted in an increased prevalence of age-related diseases, causing elderly healthcare to become an emerging social problem [1]. The decline in muscle function in the elderly is associated with an age-related reduction in muscle cells, imbalance between protein degradation and synthesis, inflammation-causing cytokines, cortisol, sex hormones, insulin resistance, and other factors related to lifestyle, such as nutritional intake and physical activity [3]. Reduced physical activity with aging can lead to decreased muscle mass and functional ability, while vigorous physical activity can help to maintain overall health and muscle mass [4]. Identifying lifestyle interventions that can help maintain muscle mass and function can improve the health and quality of life of the elderly and reduce associated medical costs
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