Abstract
The Baltic Sea is one of the largest semi-enclosed bodies of brackish water in the world. Nine countries (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden) with a population of over 90 million share the sea. Its geography, climatology and oceanography have great political, social, economic and cultural significance for the people in Baltic Europe and its importance has grown as the Baltic states have become a part of the European Union. This chapter initiates a discussion on the environmental impact of human activities on the marine ecosystem, including the major issue of eutrophication caused by nutrient pollution, and the difficulty of managing it. It also introduces the various sections of the book, which discuss the various aspects of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea.
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