Abstract
Based on long-term monitoring of the phytosanitary state of apple plantations in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the species composition of diseases was established, among which scab (Venturia inaegualis (Cooke) Wind) – 32.4 % and fruit rot (Monilia fructigena Pers.) – 23.7 %, mealy dew (Podosphaera leucotriche) – 21.7 %; bacteriosis (Erwinia amylovora) – 17.8 %. The features of the use of tank mixtures of microbiological fungicides based on fungal and bacterial bioagents for the protection of apple trees from diseases have been studied. It has been established that the microbiological preparation “Glyocladin BT” (Trichoderma (Gliocladium) virens) with a consumption rate (6.0 l/ha) provides a reduction in leaf infestation from scab and powdery mildew by 64.0–66.3 %, fruits by 31.4–40.0 %, the weight of fruits increases by 13.0–18.4 % and the yield of standard environmentally safe products by 12.0 and 14.2 %, and the yield by 4.6–5.8 t/ha. Microbiological preparations “Gaupsin BT” and “Pentafag-S” reduce the infection of apple leaves and fruits with bacterial burns by 56.3–70.0 %; fruit rot – by 66.8–80.0 %, while the yield and standard of apple fruits in the experimental variants exceed the control by 0.6–1.1 t/ha and 13.6–18.1 %, respectively.
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