Abstract
Although studies have suggested strong correlations between attitude, intention and actual behaviour across various domains, the study on entrepreneurial attitude–intention–behaviour links has received scant attention. Moreover, recent studies have claimed that investigating the negative moderation effects of entrepreneurial fear of failure on the entrepreneurial process can help explain why many prospective entrepreneurs do not translate the start-up attitude and initial intention into actual entrepreneurial action. In this study, a moderated mediation model, using the data from 611 master's degree students in Vietnam, has been developed to bridge the attitude–intention–behaviour gap in entrepreneurship and examine the moderation effect of entrepreneurial fear of failure on the entrepreneurial process. Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis were approached to examine the consistent reliability and validity of constructs, and then hierarchical regression and PROCESS macro approach were used to estimate the direct, moderated and mediated coefficient paths. The findings reveal that start-up intentions act as a partial mediator in the entrepreneurial attitude–action link, while the effect of start-up intentions on entrepreneurial actions becomes weaker when entrepreneurial fear of failure is high. Moreover, the indirect effect of entrepreneurial attitude on actual behaviour through start-up intention is negatively moderated by entrepreneurial fear of failure. Our findings significantly contribute to extant understandings and create a paradigm for further studies in the entrepreneurship literature.
Published Version
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