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Abstract
Introduction Given the high radiation tissue sensitivity of pediatric patients, it is necessary to monitor their received dose in order to optimize radiation protection. The first aim of this study was to evaluate of the entrance surface dose (ESD) in pediatric patients undergoing chest x-ray at the main hospital of Dezful, Iran. The second aim was to compare our results with the established dose reference levels (DRL). Materials and Methods The studied population included 204 pediatric patients less than 15 year who were referred to chest x-ray. A calibrated dose area product meter (DAP-meter) with permanent installation on x-ray unit was used to radiation dose measurements. For each patient, the demographic data, exposure parameters and the dose read by DAP-meter were recorded and ESD was calculated using standard mathematical formula. Results The average value of ESD was 119 μGy in patients less than 15 years. This value was 51.3, 122.3, 131.5 and 171.2 μGy for the age groups less than 1 year, 1 to 5 year, 5 to 10 year and 10 to 15 year, respectively. A statistical significant difference was seen between ESD values in different age groups (P<0.001), whereas no statistical difference was seen between ESD values in girls and boys (P =0.993). Conclusion Pediatric patients in hospital investigated (except age group less than 1 year) are subjected to unnecessary radiation exposure, especially due to use of non-optimize x-ray protocols.
Highlights
Given the high radiation tissue sensitivity of pediatric patients, it is necessary to monitor their received dose in order to optimize radiation protection
A statistical significant difference was seen between entrance surface dose (ESD) values in different age groups (P
This study provides useful information about the radiation dose received by pediatric patients undergoing chest x-ray at our hospital
Summary
Given the high radiation tissue sensitivity of pediatric patients, it is necessary to monitor their received dose in order to optimize radiation protection. Rontgen in 1895 has revolutionized medical care, their use involves some potential health risks to an individual patients undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures [1] This risk has established to be inversely proportion with patients age, suggests high radiation tissue sensitivity of pediatric patients. ESD which is define as the absorbed dose at the entrance surface of the tissue, has been identified as the best indicator for monitor patients dose during X-ray examinations [10, 11]. It can measure directly using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) or indirectly by mathematical formula based on tube output at free-air or dose area product meter (DAP-meter) [10, 12, 13]. Faghihi et al [14] reported ESD value of 56.6 μGy for neonatal chest X-rays in Shiraz
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