ENSURING NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY

Abstract

The article discusses the concept of food security and its components. The constituent elements of food security include: objects, subjects, main components, mechanism of provision and basic concepts. It is proposed to define food security as a state of the economy, in which the food independence of the country is ensured, the physical and economic accessibility of the population to quality food in accordance with physiological norms is guaranteed. The main characteristics of national food security are highlighted, namely: potential physical availability of food products; economic availability; food quality; food safety; food independence; reliable access to food. The contribution of agriculture to ensuring food security is shown. Indicators of global added value in agriculture, forestry and fisheries by regions of the world and in Ukraine are given in tabular form. The main criteria for the implementation of the food safety policy and their threshold values are given. The level of self-sufficiency in the main types of food in Ukraine in 2020 is shown graphically. The main crops that form the country's export potential have been identified. A system of factors ensuring the strengthening of national food security has been determined, namely: technical and technological; biological; financial and economic; organizational and legal; social; ecological and natural-climatic; macroeconomic; economic; military and political; man-made. The conclusions state that the state of national food security can be considered satisfactory. It is noted that the military operations affected the economic availability of food for the country's population. A conclusion was made regarding the need to develop measures to mitigate the consequences of modern challenges and implement a program to prevent crisis phenomena in the provision of food products to the population of Ukraine.