Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of national food security should include an analysis of the physical and economic accessibility of food, the level and quality of nutrition of the population, the sustainability and competitiveness of agriculture, factors and trends of self-sufficiency in the main types of agricultural products, raw materials and food and the effectiveness of foreign trade in food. To assess the food security situation at the state level, it is necessary to conduct monitoring, which consists in determining the deviations of the main indicators from the criteria and thresholds established at the national level. The monitoring should determine the format of the national report on the country's food security. The number of indicators that make up its basis, should be optimal and sufficient to reflect the level of food security of the country and compare them with the situation in other countries. At the same time, it is necessary to analyze trends in ensuring food security at the global level in terms of the progress of countries and regions of the world in achieving the goals of sustainable development in agriculture, the elimination of hunger and poverty for the period up to 2030. Conducting a study of the components of the global food security index, formed at the world level to measure the policy and efficiency of government agencies in the field of food security, is relevant and in demand for positioning the country within the framework of international comparison of countries.
Highlights
At the present stage, there are several levels of provision of a state with the main types of food
The Global Food Security Index is calculated by the British research company The Economist Intelligence Unit with the support of the American multinational company Dupon, since 2012
To assess the level of development of agriculture, the following indicators can be used: index of agricultural production; production volumes of agricultural products and food products; agriculture orientation index determined by the structure of government spending; budget support for agricultural producers per unit of currency of products sold; the share of investments in fixed assets directed to agriculture in the total volume of investments in fixed assets; the ratio of the volume of investments in fixed assets. directed to agriculture, and gross agricultural output; profitability of agricultural products sold; the ratio of the size of accounts payable and receivable of agricultural producers
Summary
There are several levels of provision of a state with the main types of food. Based on the calculation of the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), the level of food security of various countries of the world is assessed using indicators of economic and physical accessibility, quality and safety (Figure 1).
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