Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, urban agriculture has been weighed as a strategy to address the loss of urban livability. This study will address three key aspects: 1) urban ecosystem services in Southeast Asia; 2) sustainable urban agriculture in Southeast Asia; and 3) enhancing urban ecosystem services through Southeast Asian urban agriculture. In the literature on environmental protection, the importance placed upon urban environments has been relatively limited as compared with other habitats such as wetlands or forests. Currently, urban agriculture is complementary to rural development (mainly by providing perishable goods such as fruits, meat, and eggs), and it is now well-established that it is developing community food supply networks. These and related issues call for a deeper understanding of the relationships between plants, city dwellers and the urban climate, which will help set the foundations for permanently upgradable structures capable of adjusting to a world that changes every day. Keywords: agriculture, urban ecology, sustainable ecosystem, sustainable development, environmental management
Highlights
Half of the world's population resides in towns
This study concludes that urban agriculture does improve the ecosystem services of the urban area
It is expected that this agricultural activity will gain recognition for its benefits and services in the near future as cities, especially in the developing world, are growing on an unprecedented scale due to increasing rural-urban migration
Summary
Half of the world's population resides in towns. Due to the concentration of population in urban areas, a vast majority of the world’s population will reside in metropolitan regions by 2050. Sustainable planting utilises municipal water and recycles agricultural waste and plays a beneficial role in the management of natural resources for a sustainable environment (FAO, 2010) Such products are freshly marketed, without further processing, as the majority of farmers engaged in urban farming are distinguished by a low degree of organisation. Green Walls A green wall includes the development of plants or food crops in the exterior or inner area of a building This does not require much space, because the process used helps to provide the food with enough water and uses soil on the walls. Top countries include Singapore City and Hanoi, Vietnam, while Phnom Penh, Cambodia and Ho Chi Minh District, Vietnam may be seen as leaders in Southeast Asia (Saksena et al, 2014) In certain of these regions, urban agriculture is an effective resource for addressing 'food deserts', i.e. low-income communities lacking grocery stores or markets. Various rooftop farms in Singapore City provide the opportunity to carry out agricultural work while enjoying a beautiful view of Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia (Wahab, Razak, Sahani, & Khan, 2020)
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