Abstract
The polarization and electromechanical behaviors of relaxor ferroelectrics (RFs) are simulated by numerically solving the time-dependent Landau-Ginzburg equation based on a phenomenological dipole defect model. In comparison with normal ferroelectric lattice, the RF lattice shows significantly enhanced piezoelectric response along the nonspontaneous polarization axis. The evolution of dipole configuration suggests that this behavior is ascribed to the 90° flips of small-sized “super-ferroelectric” clusters induced by dipole defects.
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