Abstract
The single phase hexagonal YMnO 3 has been synthesized via sol–gel route by adopting two different sintering conditions. In one case, sintering has been done at ∼700 °C in Ar/H 2 atmosphere and in other case it has been done at ∼1250 °C in air. Magnetic measurements of the samples, synthesized by sintering at relatively lower temperature in Ar/H 2 atmosphere, show the enhanced ferromagnetic behaviour at 10 K. M– H curve shows that the value of saturation magnetization ( M s) at 10 K is 8.04 emu/g for Ar/H 2 sintered sample while it is 2.93 emu/g for the air sintered sample. Moreover, a weak ferromagnetic signal at room temperature has been observed in YMnO 3 compound. Magnetization versus magnetic field ( M– H) curves of hydrogen treated samples, measured at room temperature, show small kink in the linear variation near origin, possibly due to presence of weak ferromagnetic interactions in the samples at room temperature. However, the polarization–electric field ( P– E) curve shows weak ferroelectric characteristics for the Ar/H 2 sintered samples. It is suggested that the enhanced ferromagnetism in Ar/H 2 sintered sample originates from the presence of oxygen vacancies in the Ar/H 2 sintered samples. Moreover, the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient at room temperature is improved to 106 mV/cm Oe for Ar/H 2 sintered sample as compared to 96 mV/cm Oe for air sintered sample at 40 kHz ac magnetic field frequency.
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