Abstract
High-performance lead-free dielectric containers have excellent energy storage performance such as higher power density and energy density. While being eco-friendly materials, lead-free dielectric materials are more suitable for pulse power systems than other dielectric materials. In this study, Ta 5+ and Bi 3+ ions were introduced into the A site and B site of the NaNbO 3 matrix. The introduction of Bi 3+ ions induced the formation of a vacancy in the A site, yielding Na (1-3 x ) Bi x Nb 0.85 Ta 0.15 O 3 (NBNT, x = 0.05, 0.08, 0.11, 0.14) ceramics. The recoverable energy density ( W rec ) and the energy storage efficiency ( η ) were highest for the Na 0.67 Bi 0.11 Nb 0.85 Ta 0.15 O 3 ceramic, with values of 3.37 J/cm 3 and 89% respectively. Batteries employing the Na 0.67 Bi 0.11 Nb 0.85 Ta 0.15 O 3 ceramic achieved a current density of 830.4 A/cm 2 , an energy density of 49.8 MW/cm 3 and 60.2 ns discharge time. These results show that the Na 0.67 Bi 0.11 Nb 0.85 Ta 0.15 O 3 ceramic is an effective energy storage material with broad application prospects.
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