Abstract
The aim was to create magnesium calcium phosphate bone cements (MCPCs) based on struvite and newberyite phases and having antibacterial properties due to the presence of Ag+ ions. An increase of Ag+ concentration from 0.5% to 1.0% substantially enhanced mechanical properties of the cements [compressive strength reached 41 ± 2 MPa (mean ± SD)] and increased the inhibition zone up to 8 mm in a disk diffusion test against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus without toxicity to MG-63 cells in vitro. Analyses of the MCPC samples soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid showed the formation of coatings on the cements' surface, corresponding to a merrillite phase and, after 28 days of the soaking, to a bobierrite phase. Histological examination and micro-CT analysis revealed that the newly developed MCPCs are osteoconductive and biodegradable and may be used as a bone substitute.
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