Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana, a small, annual flowering, dicotyledonous plant, is native to Europe, Asia, and northwestern Africa. Now Days, the herbal medicines have gate importance as a source of hypoglycemic agents. Marles and Farnsworth estimated that more than 1000 plant species are being used as folk medicine for diabetes. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), known as somatomedin C, found in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Type II diabetes mellitus (also sometime called adult-onset or non insulin-dependent diabetes) is increasing worldwide and it is the most com- mon form of diabetes. It is a syndrome characterized by a loss of glucose homeostasis from defects in insulin secretion and its action, both resulting in impaired metabolism of glucose and other energy yielding fuel such as lipids and proteins. Male sexual dysfunctions are frequently associated with hyperglycemia in experimental rats and in men. It is well known that in diabetic conditions. Anti-diabetic medical plants are general known to exert their beneficial effects on diabetes via various modes and mechanism depending on the phytochemicals and bioactive agents endowed in such plants. In this study the Arabidopsis thaliana ethanolic seed extract has hyperglycemic. In conclusion, the present results showed that Arabidopsis consumption reversed most of the histological changes in the diabetic mice. This effect was due to the hypoglycemic effect of the Arabidopsis and improving the insulin resistance. In addition, in diabetes there was an increase in the oxidative stress which was significantly reduced by Arabidopsis consumption owing to its antioxidant effect.
Highlights
Arabidopsis thaliana, a small, annual flowering, dicotyledonous plant, was discovered by Johannes Thal in the Harz mountains in the sixteenth century
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), known as “somatomedin C”, found in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, is a single polypeptide protein hormone consisting of 70 amino acids and having a molecular weight of 7,649 Da.It has three intermolecular disulfide bridges and the molecular structure is similar to insulin
The effect of the insulin-like protein and the active compounds such as flavonoids that found in A. thaliana caused a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in diabetic mice similar to that reported on the hypoglycemic activity of A. thaliana by Weili et al, who reported that an important therapeutic protein human insulin-like growth factor 1 called somatomedin C, was expressed in A. thaliana seeds via oleosin fusion technology [19]
Summary
Arabidopsis thaliana, a small, annual flowering, dicotyledonous plant, was discovered by Johannes Thal (thaliana) in the Harz mountains in the sixteenth century. It is well known that in diabetic conditions, the reproductive changes include reduction of male organ and body weights [5,6] oligospermia [7,8], diminished fertility [9], decreased testosterone and gonadotropin levels [5,8] depletion of spermatogenesis and testicular damage [10,11] Another usual consequence of hyperglycemia is the increased oxidative stress which is extremely toxic to cells and exerts its devastating effects by directly damaging cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA, or indirectly, by affecting normal cellular signaling and gene regulation [12,13]
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