Abstract
Numerous species in the genus Burkholderia have interesting properties for potential industrial applications including production of antibiotics, biosurfactants, bioplastics and degradation of environmental contaminants. The aims of this study were to determine the antifungal activity of volatile secondary metabolites produced by four strains of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola (Bga) against the two phytopathogen- ic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani and to characterize biochemically the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the most bioactive Bga strain ICMP11096 tested in this study using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The studied strains showed antifungal activity against the tested phytopathogenic fungi through production of volatile bioactive metabolites. The biochemical characteriza- tion of VOCs of Bga ICMP11096 has detected two bioactive volatile compounds. The first one was a liquid hydrocarbon cyclic terpene and was identified as cyclohexene 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl) and commonly considered one of the more frequent d- isomers of limonene. The second one was identified as 4-flavanone (4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2, 3-dihydro-2-phenyl). The two produced VOCs could be the main re- sponsible for the antifungal activity.
Highlights
With the increase of the environmental concerns promising alternatives to synthetic pesticides come on scene, i.e. the production of new bioactive microbial substances and the application of biopesticides
The aims of this study were to determine the antifungal activity of volatile secondary metabolites produced by four strains of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola (Bga) against the two phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani and to characterize biochemically the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the most bioactive Bga strain ICMP11096 tested in this study using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Antifungal Activity of Volatile Secondary Metabolites Results of bioactivity assay demonstrated that all studied strains of Bga produced volatile secondary metabolites which were able to reduce the fungal mycelium growth of F.oxy and R.sol significantly after 5 days of incubation
Summary
With the increase of the environmental concerns promising alternatives to synthetic pesticides come on scene, i.e. the production of new bioactive microbial substances and the application of biopesticides. Several bacteria species including some Pseudomonas and Burkholderia produce natural bioactive secondary metabolites such as Pyrrolnitrin and Pyoluteorin [1,2]. It was demonstrated that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of bacteria such as terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and fatty acid derivatives can influence the growth of some fungi [3,4] and, in general, the inter- and intra-organismic communication signals [57]. Complex mixture of volatile lactones and terpenoids (including geosmin) produced by some marine Streptomyces species exhibited antibiotic properties [8]. Et al [6] reported that different strains of Streptomyces species produced VOCs such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, esters, ketones, sulfur-containing compounds and terpenoids of which about 10% remain unidentified. B. gladioli Zopf possesses a great potential as a plant pathogen antagonist [9]. Et al [11] have found that several strains of
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