Abstract
The present study investigated novelty-induced behavior, learning and memory enhancing activities of aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts of Solanum incanum Linn. using mice models. The mice were divided into sixteen (16) groups of five (5) mice each and treated with distilled water (10 ml/kg, i.p); 7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg (i.p) of both aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts; scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg) and scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p) plus pramiracetam (100 mg/kg, i.p), 7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg, (i.p) of both aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts. On the 8th day of the experiment, the animal’s locomotor, rearing, grooming, percentage alternation, transfer latency and escape latency were measured. Intraperitoneal administration of S. incanum fruit extracts showed a significant decrease in locomotion, rearing and grooming when compared with distilled water. S. incanum fruit extracts at the tested doses significantly increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation and attenuated the learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine as indicated in reduction of the transfer latency and escape latency. In conclusion, both aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. incanum fruit significantly improved learning and memory in mice and this could justify the ethnomedicinal use of this plant. Key words: Solanum incanum, novelty-induced behaviour, learning, memory, albino mice
Highlights
Dementia is the development of multiple cognitive deficits that interfere with daily activities such as: social and professional functioning (Duong et al, 2017)
Scopolamine hydrobromide was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, United States of America (USA) and Pramiracetam was purchased from AK Scientific, Union City USA
The results showed a significant decrease in the locomotor activities of mice treated with both aqueous and ethanol extracts when compared with mice treated with distilled water (p
Summary
Dementia is the development of multiple cognitive deficits that interfere with daily activities such as: social and professional functioning (Duong et al, 2017). The cognitive deficits are characterized with memory impairment, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia or disturbances in executive functioning (Etindele Sosso et al, 2017). The pharmacological treatment strategies used in memory impairments as a result of neurodegenerative diseases include: diseases modifying therapies (use of antioxidants e.g. vitamin E) and compensation mechanism.
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