Comparative determination of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity from leaf and fruit of Sapindus mukorrossi Gaertn. – A valuable medicinal tree

Abstract

Antioxidant activity, polyphenolic compounds contents, reducing potential and lipid peroxidation activities from extracts of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. were evaluated by different assays. Ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extract of leaf and fruit’s pericarp were used for above assay through standard method. Maximum antioxidant activity was observed in aqueous extract of fruit. Total phenolic content was maximum in the methanolic extract of fruit (469.00±0.57mgg−1 of gallic acid equivalent) and total flavonoid content was maximum in methanolic extract of leaf (540.11±0.89mgg−1 of rutin equivalent). High reducing potential was observed in case of aqueous extract of both leaf and fruit. A positive correlation was observed between antioxidant activity and polyphenolic compounds (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content). Similarly, a significant correlation was observed between antioxidant activities and reducing potential, indicating that reducers present in extract are major contributors to the antioxidant potential. Thus, extract of this plant could used be for pharmaceutical as well as for nutraceutical purposes.